A retrospective clinical study in Graves disease with COVID-19 infection in China (preprint)

Background Corona Virus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) is the most prevalent global pandemic in recent times. Graves disease (GD), an autoimmune thyroid disease, is a clinical syndrome caused by excessive thyroid hormones. Our study is to understand the current epidemiological situation of COVID-19 infection in GD patients, and to analyze whether COVID-19 will affect the thyroid function, thyroid autoantibody and metabolism of GD patients.Methods 109 GD patients were followed by Shanghai General Hospital Thyroid Disease Center (TDC) from November 2022 to June 2023. There were three groups defined, i.e., pre, one-month after and three months after infection with COVID-19. SPSS was used to analyze the recruited data.Results 109 GD patients are infected with COVID-19 (72.48%), uncontrolled GD patients with high FT3 had a higher COVID-19 infection rate (79.31%). As for thyroid function in 35 GD patients with antithyroid drug (ATD) maintenance stage, there were significant differences in FT3, FT4, TT3 and TT4 before and after being infected with COVID-19. What’s more, there’s a significant difference between GD patients in one month and three months after COVID-19 infection of high TSAb group (p = 0.048) but no significant difference between pre and one month. What’s more, there were significant differences in TT3, TT4 of GD patients after infected COVID-19 in non. And Phosphorus (P), 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25-OH-D3), Procollagen type 1 N-terminal propeptide (P1NP) in GD patients were be affected by COVID-19 infection.Conclusion GD patients with uncontrolled thyroid function group are susceptible to COVID-19. COVID-19 may affect the thyroid function of GD in TT3, TT4, TSAb high level group infection. COVID-19 vaccine is conducive to the stability of GD patients' condition. And COVID-19 may affect the bone metabolism in GD patients before and after COVID-19 infection. But there is no effect on glucose metabolism or lipid metabolism.

Has Sentiment Returned to the Pre-pandemic Level? A Sentiment Analysis Using U.S. College Subreddit Data from 2019 to 2022 (preprint)

As impact of COVID-19 pandemic winds down, both individuals and society gradually return to pre-pandemic activities. This study aims to explore how people's emotions have changed from the pre-pandemic during the pandemic to post-emergency period and whether it has returned to pre-pandemic level. We collected Reddit data in 2019 (pre-pandemic), 2020 (peak pandemic), 2021, and 2022 (late stages of pandemic, transitioning period to post-emergency period) from subreddits in 128 universities/colleges in the U.S., and a set of school-level characteristics. We predicted two sets of sentiments from a pre-trained Robustly Optimized BERT pre-training approach (RoBERTa) and graph attention network (GAT) that leverages both rich semantic and relational information among posted messages and then applied a logistic stacking method to obtain the final sentiment classification. After obtaining sentiment label for each message, we used a generalized linear mixed-effects model to estimate temporal trend in sentiment from 2019 to 2022 and how school-level factors may affect sentiment. Compared to the year 2019, the odds of negative sentiment in years 2020, 2021, and 2022 are 24%, 4.3%, and 10.3% higher, respectively, which are all statistically significant(adjusted $p$<0.05). Our study findings suggest a partial recovery in the sentiment composition in the post-pandemic-emergency era. The results align with common expectations and provide a detailed quantification of how sentiments have evolved from 2019 to 2022.

1:4 case-control study on Coronavirus disease 2019

Objective: To analyze the risk factors of COVID-19 infection in Danzhou, Hainan province.

Human Early Syncytiotrophoblasts Are Highly Susceptible to SARS-CoV-2 Infection (preprint)

The ongoing and devastating pandemic of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has led to a global public health crisis. COVID-19 is caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) and can potentially pose a serious risk to maternal and neonatal health. Cases of abnormal pregnancy and vertical transmission of SARS-CoV-2 from mother to foetus have been reported but no firm conclusions are drawn. Trophoblasts are the major constituents of the placenta to protect and nourish the developing foetus. However, direct in vivo investigation of trophoblast susceptibility to SARS-CoV-2 and of COVID-19 and pregnancy is challenging. Here we report that human early syncytiotrophoblasts (eSTBs) are highly susceptible to SARS-CoV-2 infection in an angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2)-dependent manner. From human expanded potential stem cells (hEPSCs), we derived bona fide trophoblast stem cells (TSCs) that resembled those originated from the blastocyst and the placenta in generating functional syncytiotrophoblasts (STBs) and extravillus trophoblasts (EVTs) and in low expression of HLA-A/B and amniotic epithelial (AME) cell signature. The EPSC-TSCs and their derivative trophoblasts including trophoblast organoids could be infected by SARS-CoV-2. Remarkably, eSTBs were highly susceptible to SARS-CoV-2. They expressed high levels of ACE2 and produced substantially higher amounts of virion than Vero E6 cells which are widely used in SARS-CoV-2 research and vaccine production. These findings provide experimental evidence for the clinical observations that opportunistic SARS-CoV-2 infection during pregnancy can occur. At low concentrations, two well characterized antivirals, remdesivir and GC376, effectively eliminated infection of eSTBs by SARS-CoV-2 and middle east respiratory syndrome-related coronavirus (MERS-CoV), and rescued their developmental arrest caused by the virus infection. Several human cell lines have been used in coronavirus research. However, they suffer from genetic and/or innate immune defects and have some of the long-standing technical challenges such as cell transfection and genetic manipulation. In contrast, hEPSCs are normal human stem cells that are robust in culture, genetically stable and permit efficient gene-editing. They can produce and supply large amounts of physiologically relevant normal and genome-edited human cells such as eSTBs for isolation, propagation and production of coronaviruses for basic research, antiviral drug tests and safety evaluation.

IoT-Based Epidemic Monitoring via Improved Gated Recurrent Unit Model

During the Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic, non-contact health monitoring and human activity detection by various sensors have attracted tremendous attention. Robot monitoring will result in minimizing the life threat to health providers during the COVID-19 pandemic period. How to improve the performance and generalization of the monitoring model is a critical but challenging task. This paper constructs an epidemic monitoring architecture based on multi-sensor information fusion and applies it in medical robots’ services, such as patient-care, disinfection, garbage disposal, etc. We propose a gated recurrent unit model based on a genetic algorithm (GA-GRU)to realize the effective feature selection and improve the effectiveness and accuracy of the localization, navigation, and activity monitoring for indoor wireless sensor networks (WSNs). By using two GRU layers in the GA-GRU, we improve the generalization capability in multiple WSNs. All these advantages of GA-GRU make it outperform other representative algorithms in a variety of evaluation metrics. The experiments on the WSNs verify that the proposed GA-GRU leads to successful runs and provides optimal performances. These results suggest the GA-GRU method may be preferable for epidemic monitoring in medicine and allied areas with particular relation to the control of the epidemic or pandemic such as COVID-19 pandemic.

Estimation of NO2 emission strengths over Riyadh and Madrid from space from a combination of wind-assigned anomalies and machine learning technique

Nitrogen dioxide (NO2) air pollution provides valuable information for quantifying NOx emissions and exposures. This study presents a comprehensive method to estimate average tropospheric NO2 emission strengths derived from three-year (April 2018 - March 2021) TROPOMI observations by combining a wind-assigned anomaly approach and a Machine Learning (ML) method, the so-called Gradient Descent. This combined approach is firstly applied to the Saudi Arabian capital city Riyadh, as a test site, and yields a total emission rate of 1.04×1026 molec./s. The ML-trained anomalies fit very well with the wind-assigned anomalies with an R2 value of 1.0 and a slope of 0.99. Hotspots of NO2 emissions are apparent at several sites where the cement plant and power plants are located and over areas along the highways. Using the same approach, an emission rate of 1.80×1025 molec./s is estimated in the Madrid metropolitan area, Spain. Both the estimate and spatial pattern are comparable to the CAMS inventory. Weekly variations of NO2 emission are highly related to anthropogenic activities, such as the transport sector. The NO2 emissions were reduced by 24% at weekends in Riyadh, and high reductions are found near the city center and the areas along the highway. An average weekend reduction estimate of 30% in Madrid is found. The regions with dominant sources are located in the east of Madrid, where the residential areas and the Madrid-Barajas airport are located. Additionally, the NO2 emissions decreased by 21% in March-June 2020 compared to the same period in 2019 induced by the COVID-19 lockdowns in Riyadh. A much higher reduction (60%) is estimated for Madrid where a very strict lockdown policy was implemented. The high emission strengths during lockdown only persist in the residential areas and cover smaller areas during weekdays than at weekends. The spatial patterns of NO2 emission strengths during lockdown are similar to those observed at weekends in both cities. Though our analysis is limited to two cities as testing examples, the method has proved to provide reliable and consistent results. Therefore, it is expected to be suitable for other trace gases and other target regions. [ FROM AUTHOR] Copyright of Atmospheric Measurement Techniques Discussions is the property of Copernicus Gesellschaft mbH and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full . (Copyright applies to all s.)

A Positive Legacy of Trauma? The Role of Perceived Social Support on Mental Health Among Earthquake Survivors During the COVID-19 Outbreak

Background People with prior experience of severe trauma may be particularly vulnerable in the face of the COVID-19 pandemic. However, little is known about mental health problems among prior trauma survivors during the pandemic outbreak. Methods A total of 362 Wenchuan earthquake survivors were assessed using Patient Health Questionnaire, Generalized Anxiety Disorder Scale, as well as Multidimensional Scale of Perceived Social Support, as part of an online survey between February 3 and 10, 2020. Results Our results showed that 6.6 and 4.7% of the participants experienced depression and anxiety during the COVID-19 outbreak, respectively. Perceived social support was negatively associated with depressive and anxiety symptoms. Earthquake exposure has no direct effect on current depressive and anxiety symptoms, but it would moderate the direct relationship between perceived social support and psychological symptoms. Conclusions Our findings suggested that trauma exposure may lead to salutogenic outcomes. The protective effect of perceived social support on psychological symptoms was greater in people with a higher level of trauma exposure than in a lower one.

Evaluation of Potential for Nature-Based Recreation in the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau: A Spatial-Temporal Perspective

Nature-based recreation (NBR) is an important cultural ecosystem service providing human well-being from natural environments. As the most concentrated and high-quality wilderness in China, the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau (QTP) has unique advantages for NBR. In this study, we designed an integrated nature-based recreation potential index (INRPI) based on four aspects: nature-based recreation resources, landscape attractiveness, recreation comfort and opportunity, and recreation reception ability. A combination of the analytic hierarchy process (AHP) and entropy evaluation method was adopted to assess the NBR potential in the QTP from 2000 to 2020. The research shows that: (i) The INRPI for the QTP decreases gradually from southeast to northwest and increases slightly from 2000 to 2020. (ii) The INRPI displays a pronounced difference on either side of the Qilian-Gyirong line. The areas with very high and high potentials mainly distributed in the southeast of the line, while areas with very low and low potentials distributed in the northwest. (iii) The construction of protected areas effectively improves NBR potential. Areas of INRPI at diverse levels within protected areas obviously increased in 2020. (iv) Increasing altitude has a notable effect on INRPI, and 3000 m is a critical dividing line for the NBR in the QTP. These findings can contribute to decision-makers in guiding rational use and spatial planning of natural land and promoting sustainable recreational development.

Systematic Screening for SARS-CoV-2 to Detect Asymptomatic Infections: An Epitome of Taiwan's Outbreak

Background Increased studies have revealed that asymptomatic carriers substantially impact the epidemic and that asymptomatic transmission is very common. Therefore, the asymptomatic transmission threat to the spread of the pandemic should not be neglected. Methods The local outbreak in Taiwan, especially in Taipei City, is unprecedented and paramount and has claimed hundreds of lives, tens of thousands of cases, and enormous economic costs. As care providers and gatekeepers of infectious diseases, Taipei City Hospital has to perform regular polymerase chain reaction (PCR) results of admitted patients and healthcare workers (HCWs) to achieve these goals. Results In this study, the results revealed a low positive rate of less than 1%, but the asymptomatic proportions could range from 42% to 46%, which bolsters that systematic screening was effective in controlling coronavirus disease-19 (COVID-19) of Novel Coronavirus or Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2) and might be an exemplar to other similar scenarios. Universal screening of admitted patients may be important and necessary, especially in asymptomatic patients. Conclusions Regular screening for healthcare providers is also important during this pandemic, and it is recommended that admitted patients and healthcare providers undergo systemic PCR testing.

Investigation of PTSD during the coronavirus epidemic

Aim: We investigated to understand post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) during the coronavirus epidemic, and related influential factors. We hoped to provide more basis for targeted services to improve public psychological health care. Methods: From the psychological aid platform set up by the Wuhan Mental Health Center, we obtained online sample data of Chinese residents during the coronavirus epidemic. We used the PTSD examination scale as the study tool and analyzed the data with SPSS. Results: A total of 376 data was collected. The PTSD degree of the public was 45.93 +/- 17.32, the positive detection rate was 63.56%, and the PTSD level increased with fluctuation. Participants' gender, educational level, and location were the influential factors. Specifically, women, lower educational backgrounds, and people in Wuhan were more likely to have PTSD. Conclusions: The epidemic had a great impact on people's psychological status. Although the epidemic has basically been brought under control, PTSD levels have not declined. Therefore, it is necessary to provide timely psychological assistance for people in need, and help them adapt to life as soon as possible. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2022 APA, all rights reserved)

Evaluation Index System of Surgical Tourism Service Organizations in China: An Empirical Research (preprint)

Background: Healthcare tourism is an emerging economy with the most potential in China's health industry before the COVID-19 pandemic. Surgical medical health tourism accounts for a large part of medical tourism services in China, which has higher requirements for quality and safety. By contrast, measurement tools and theoretical research are insufficient in China. The aim of this study was to develop a set of reliable and feasible indicators by augmenting the original Donabedian’s quality model to evaluate surgical tourism services’ quality. Methods: : Literature review and focus group interview were used to generate indicators for surgical tourism services’ quality. The basic framework of the evaluation system was based on the structure-process-outcome Donabedian model. The screening and weight setting were conducted through analytic hierarchy process (AHP) and a two-round Delphi consultation with 13 panelists. Validity and reliability of experts were tested by the experts' positive coefficient, authority coefficient, and coordination coefficient. Reliability of the questionnaire was assessed by a pretest distributed within an international medical department of a public hospital in China. Results: : Based on the Donabedian’s quality theory, the novel evaluation system of surgical tourism service institutions with 3 dimensions, 9 first-level items and 39 second-level items was constructed. The three dimensions consist of structure (0.315), process (0.287), and outcome (0.398), with each dimension set several indicators and each indicator given a weight. Of the two rounds of Delphi consultation, the response rates were 86.67% and 100%. The coordination coefficient of expert opinions in the two rounds of consultation were 0.49 and 0.65 (p<0.05). For the empirical study, the self-evaluation score of a public hospital was 86, which could obtain a rating of two stars. Conclusions: : The established evaluation system identified three different dimensions of surgical tourism services’ quality which fit for practical healthcare improvement in safety and quality. It can reflect the access criterion of surgical tourism institutions, provide references on better choices of surgical services for tourists, and can be applied by healthcare managers and policy makers to allocate resources more efficiently and promote more surgical tourism services to international standards.

Sentiment Analysis and Effect of COVID-19 Pandemic using College SubReddit Data (preprint)

Background: The COVID-19 pandemic has affected our society and human well-being in various ways. In this study, we investigate how the pandemic has influenced people's emotions and psychological states compared to a pre-pandemic period using real-world data from social media. Method: We collected Reddit social media data from 2019 (pre-pandemic) and 2020 (pandemic) from the subreddits communities associated with eight universities. We applied the pre-trained Robustly Optimized BERT pre-training approach (RoBERTa) to learn text embedding from the Reddit messages, and leveraged the relational information among posted messages to train a graph attention network (GAT) for sentiment classification. Finally, we applied model stacking to combine the prediction probabilities from RoBERTa and GAT to yield the final classification on sentiment. With the model-predicted sentiment labels on the collected data, we used a generalized linear mixed-effects model to estimate the effects of pandemic and in-person teaching during the pandemic on sentiment. Results: The results suggest that the odds of negative sentiments in 2020 (pandemic) were 25.7% higher than the odds in 2019 (pre-pandemic) with a $p$-value $<0.001$; and the odds of negative sentiments associated in-person learning were 48.3% higher than with remote learning in 2020 with a $p$-value of 0.029. Conclusions: Our study results are consistent with the findings in the literature on the negative impacts of the pandemic on people's emotions and psychological states. Our study contributes to the growing real-world evidence on the various negative impacts of the pandemic on our society; it also provides a good example of using both ML techniques and statistical modeling and inference to make better use of real-world data.

Association of age distribution with the expression of angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 in lung tissues in severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 infection: Reflections from the study of RAS pathway expression in mice

Objective To study the expression of angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) and other key molecules of the RAS pathway in normal mice at different developmental stages, and to provide ideas for understanding the infection mechanism of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) as well as the diagnosis and treatment of children with COVID-19. Methods The mice at different developmental stages were enrolled, including fetal mice (embryonic days 14.5 and 18.5), neonatal mice (0, 3, 7, 14, and 21 days old), young mice (28 and 42 days old), and adult mice (84 days old). The lung tissues of all fetal mice from 4 pregnant mice were collected at each time point in the fetal group. Four mice were sampled in other age groups at each time point. Whole transcriptome resequencing was used to measure the mRNA expression of AGT, ACE, ACE2, Renin, Agtr1a, Agtr1b, Agtr2, and Mas1 in mouse lung tissue. Results The expression of ACE2 in the lungs showed changes from embryonic stage to adult stage. It increased gradually after birth, reached a peak on day 3 after birth, and reached a nadir on day 14 after birth (P<0.05). The expression of AGT reached a peak on days 0 and 7 after birth and reached a nadir on day 21 after birth (P<0.05). The expression of ACE increased rapidly after birth and reached a peak on day 21 after birth (P<0.05). Agtr1a expression reached a peak on day 21 after birth (P<0.05). Agtr2 expression gradually decreased to a low level after birth. Renin, Agtr1b, and Mas1 showed low expression in lung tissues at all developmental stages. Conclusions At different developmental stages of mice, ACE2 has dynamic expression changes, with high expression in early neonatal and adult mice. The other key molecules of the RAS pathway have their own expression patterns. These suggest that the difference in clinical features between children and adults with COVID-19 might be associated with the different expression levels of ACE2 in the different stages, and further studies are needed for the mechanism.

Retrospectively analysis the Guangdong's experience on how to transport potential infected passengers by chartered aircraft during outbreaks of COVID- 19

Objective To summarize the experience of five hospitals in Guangdong Province 0n successfully transporting retained passengers by chartered flights during the outbreak of the COVID-19. Methods We retrospectively evaluated the operation and management, cabin arrangement, isolation requirements, and personnel protection in the aspect of epidemic prevention and control. Results In 11 charter missions, over one thousand "healthy" passengers with potential risk of infections were transported back to China. The medical delivery team and flight crew were kept free of infection, passengers maintained zero cluster infections and no unexpected adverse events during the air transport. Conclusions Our results indicate how to carry passengers in a scientific and orderly way is crucial for avoiding the transmission risks of the epidemic of COVID-19 among working staffers and passengers.

Antibody neutralization to SARS-CoV-2 and variants after one year in Wuhan (preprint)

Most COVID-19 patients can build effective humoral immunity against SARS-CoV-2 after recovery . However, it remains unknown how long the protection can maintain and how efficiently it can protect people from the reinfection of the emerging SARS-CoV-2 variants. Here we evaluated the sera from 248 COVID-19 convalescents around one year post-infection in Wuhan, the earliest epicenter of SARS-CoV-2. We demonstrated that the SARS-CoV-2 immunoglobulin G (IgG) maintains at a high level and potently neutralizes the infection of the original strain (WT) and the B.1.1.7 variant in most patients. However, they showed varying degrees of efficacy reduction against the other variants of concern (P.1, B.1.525, and especially B.1.351) in a patient-specific manner. Mutations in RBD including K417N, E484K, and E484Q/L452R (B.1.617) remarkably impair the neutralizing activity of the convalescents' sera. Encouragingly, we found that a small fraction of patients' sera showed broad neutralization potency to multiple variants and mutants, suggesting the existence of broadly neutralizing antibodies recognizing the epitopes beyond the mutation sites. Our results suggest that the SARS-CoV-2 vaccination effectiveness relies more on the timely re-administration of the epitope-updated vaccine than the durability of the neutralizing antibodies.

Some Examples of Privacy-preserving Publication and Sharing of COVID-19 Pandemic Data (preprint)

A considerable amount of various types of data have been collected during the COVID-19 pandemic, the analysis and interpretation of which have been indispensable for curbing the spread of the disease. As the pandemic moves to an endemic state, the data collected during the pandemic will continue to be rich sources for further studying and understanding the impacts of the pandemic on various aspects of our society. On the other hand, na\"{i}ve release and sharing of the information can be associated with serious privacy concerns. In this study, we use three common but distinct data types collected during the pandemic (case surveillance tabular data, case location data, and contact tracing networks) to illustrate the publication and sharing of granular information and individual-level pandemic data in a privacy-preserving manner. We leverage and build upon the concept of differential privacy to generate and release privacy-preserving data for each data type. We investigate the inferential utility of privacy-preserving information through simulation studies at different levels of privacy guarantees and demonstrate the approaches in real-life data. All the approaches employed in the study are straightforward to apply. Our study generates statistical evidence on the practical feasibility of sharing pandemic data with privacy guarantees and on how to balance the statistical utility of released information during this process.

Exposure Protection Countermeasures for Novel Coronavirus Infection in Hospital Pharmaceutical Staff / 中国药房

OBJECTIVE：To pro vide reference for exposure protection countermeasures for Novel coronavirus （SARS-CoV-2） infection in hospital pharmaceutical staff. METHODS ：According to the recommendations of related medical staff protection guideline，combined with the characteristics and prevention and control requirements of novel coronavirus pneumonia （COVID- 19），based on the basic principle of exposure protection ，actual exposure risk of infections for hospital pharmaceutical staff were evaluated，and the countermeasures for exposure protection were constructed under the epidemic condition of COVID- 19. RESULTS：According to the standard prevention principle and the risk evaluation of infection exposure ，most of the pharmaceutical posts in the hospital belonged to low-risk exposure posts ，and only a few posts belonged to medium-and high-risk exposure posts. Personal protective equipment should be provided according to the exposure risk level of different pharmaceutical posts and work demand. At the same time ，infection protection training should be strengthened ；environment and facilities in pharmacy should be cleaned and disinfected. CONCLUSIONS ：Standard prevention principle should be followed by hospital pharmaceutical staff during epidemic period. Based on the characteristics and exposure risks of pharmacy posts ，and according to the regulations of the hospital，personal protection for hospital pharmaceutical staff should be conducted according to the exposure risk level determined by the pharmaceutical department and relevant management regulations to avoid over-protection or inadequate protection ，so as to ensure the smooth and safe development of pharmaceutical care.

Interpretation of Novel Coronavirus Infection ：Expert Consensus on Guidance and Prevention Strategies for Hospi tal Pharmacists and the Pharmacy Workforce / 中国药房

OBJECTIVE：To provid e reference for pharmaceutical workers to better understand Novel Coronavirus Infection ： Expert Consensus on Guidance and Prevention Strategies for Hospital Pharmacists and the Pharmacy Workforce （hereinafter referred to as “expert consensus ”），and to apply and practice in specific work ，so as to give full play to the role of pharmacists to help fight the epidemic.METHODS ：The background of the formulation and revision of the expert consensus were introduced ，and its main contents and viewpoints were interpreted. RESULTS & CONCLUSIONS ：The text of expert consensus is divided into 8 parts，mainly including disease diagnosis and treatment [SARS-CoV- 2 infection related background ，clinical manifestations and diagnosis， treatment]，hospital pharmacy （prevention and control strategy ，work guidance ），drug and facility support management（key drug/facility/equipment support ，management and use of the drug in special circumstances ），information sources and related resources ，etc.，which comprehensively and detailedly provide information ，guidance and strategies for coronavirus SARS-CoV-2 infection prevention and control to play the role of pharmacists in hospital pharmacy well ，do well in the protection of staff in different pharmaceutical posts ，drug security work in response to epidemic situation ，and develop pharmaceutical care. So far，the understanding of SARS-CoV- 2 in the pharmaceutical industry is relatively limited. Based on the accumulated experience and progress in epidemic prevention and control ，the expert consensus will be updated and improved continuously ，so as to provide guidance and help for hospital pharmaceutical personnel.